We're wrapping up Plastic Free July (in a beeswax cloth of course)

by Doug Whyte

We’re looking at the current state of single-use plastics. How’s Australia doing? Has COVID-19 exacerbated the problem? And is there cause for hope? 

Convenience at a cost: the state of single-use plastics

Single-use plastics. They’re a blessing and a curse – as entangled in our day-to-day lives as they are around the bodies of some of the most beautiful animals on the planet. 

It’s a sobering thought. Here’s another one. Humans produce more than 300 million tonnes of plastic every year, half of which is for single-use purposes only. And while much of it gets dumped into landfill, around 8 million tonnes end up in our oceans. 

Single-use plastics also clog up our local parks, rivers, sewer systems and canals. They leech into the soil and contaminate air quality. And when it comes to climate change acceleration, they’re about as innocent as an oil spill.  

Let’s just say there’s more than one pandemic happening right now. The question is – what’s being done about it? 

To wrap up Plastic Free July (in beeswax cloth, of course), we’re looking at the current state of single-use plastics. How’s Australia doing? Has COVID-19 exacerbated the problem? And is there cause for hope? 

Australia vs. single-use plastics

In Australia, our relationship with plastic borders on the obsessive. On average, we use 130kg per person, per year – but only recycle 9% of it. We sip on more than 10 million straws each day, while 90% of the 1 billion coffee cups we use go straight to landfill. 

If we’re talking about nationally-enforced legislation around single-use plastics, it’ll be a short conversation. Unlike many countries leading the way, particularly in Africa, regulations are handed down on a state and territory level. 

Kudos then, has to go to South Australia. They became the first state to introduce container deposit legislation back in 1977, and the first to ban lightweight single-use plastic bags in 2009. 

In the last 11 years, every state and territory has committed to banning single-use plastic bags – with NSW finally announcing plans to do so in their recent Plastics Plan and 20-Year Waste Strategy. 

Similarly, Container Deposit Schemes have been put in place, or at least announced, by every government in the country.

On a national level, it’s not all doom and gloom though. We do have a National Waste Policy and the 2025 National Packaging Targets, which aim to phase out problematic and unnecessary single-use plastic packaging. 

But while this is a good start, there are legitimate concerns around the voluntary nature of these targets, as well as our lack of national regulations and incentives to build a practical circular economy for plastics.

In some recent good news, Queensland has moved to ban single-use plastic straws, cutlery, stirrers and plates – joining South Australia, Western Australia and the ACT in taking similar actions. 

This leaves Victoria, Tasmania and the Northern Territory straggling behind in the fight against some of the worst-offending items. For more on the current winners and losers, WWF gives a great rundown here.

Australia’s pushback against plastic echoes a global movement in the 21st century. Around 112 countries, states and cities have imposed bans on single-use plastics in some form or another. And this number continues to grow. 

That said, our relationship with single-use plastics is a complicated one. We’ve clearly made progress in some areas, but we need to pick up the pace in others if we’re to drive long-lasting change.

COVID-19 breathes new life into an old enemy 



Just when avoiding single-plastic was becoming normal, a pandemic decides to hit. 



As I write this, COVID-19 has clocked over 16 million cases, claimed more than 650,000 lives and forced people all around the world into lockdowns they never saw coming. 



One of the many side effects of the pandemic? The renaissance of single-use plastics. 



Of course, some parts of the increase have been unavoidable, particularly in protecting our frontline workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) such as medical masks, gloves and gowns.



Citing concerns around hygiene and health, many cafes have banned reusable mugs, while some restaurants have only been able to offer takeaway or delivery.



We’ve also seen record demand for disposable wipes, cleaning agents and hand sanitisers – products that all come neatly wrapped in their own single-use plastic skins. 



In Australia, the ACT and South Australia have pushed back bans on certain single-use plastics. The same thing is happening in the UK, while over in the US, some states have reversed bans completely.



With plummeting oil prices, virgin plastic is also cheaper than recycled plastic. This means manufacturers have some tough decisions to make, as the economic viability of recycling systems is put under the pump. 



On top of this, players in the plastics and packaging industries have used the pandemic to their advantage, pressuring governments to push back bans and arguing that single-use bags are safer than reusable ones. 



This is all happening despite recent research pointing out that coronavirus may last longer on plastic than on other materials. There’s also little evidence to suggest that plastic bags are safer. 



So in between lockdowns, health fears and a rollercoaster of restrictions, the war on single-use plastics has certainly seen better days. And reducing plastic has been tricky – even for the most environmentally-minded among us. 



High hopes in low times


While we’re still on coronavirus, it’s worth pointing out that where there’s a relapse – there’s always resilience. 


Over 125 health experts from 19 countries have signed a statement defending the safety of reusables during the pandemic.


In Australia, the Boomerang Alliance has released plastic-free takeaway guides through its Plastic Free Places program – offering up handy information on how to avoid single-use plastics, as well as compostable packaging alternatives. 


This echoes the Victorian Government’s position that “there is currently no evidence to suggest any benefit in switching to disposable, single-use food and beverage containers, cutlery and crockery.”


COVID-19 may have interrupted the war on plastic, shifting our attention away from environmental concerns to health matters, but it’s important to look at the bigger picture. 


Hundreds of jurisdictions around the world have held true to their policies on single-use plastics. Many leading companies are also sticking to their guns and refusing to back out of agreements like The New Plastics Economy Global Commitment and UK Plastics Pact


Before the pandemic rolled in, the world had already woken up to the scourge of single-use plastics. We’d also become accustomed to the shocking pervasiveness of plastic in nature. The horror stories of beached whales brimming with gloves, cups, tubing and nets. The heartbreaking footage of a straw being pulled out of turtle’s nose. The giant vortexes of trash swirling around the oceans. 


We now know that nearly all seabirds on the planet have ingested plastic of some kind – claiming more than 1,000,000 lives every year. And that microplastics are so freakishly abundant that they end up on our plates


In Australia, the decision by Asian countries to reject our waste has highlighted our domestic recycling failures – prompting multimillion dollar investments in the sector. On a broader level, there’s also a growing push to build a green recovery from the ashes of the pandemic. 


The point is, even though we’re living through some of the darkest days in recent memory, there’s still hope. And as much as the onus for greater restrictions, unity and leadership should lie with local and federal governments, policymakers and industry, the power also lies with the consumer (yes, you!).


So, bring your own reusable shopping bag, ditch the plastic wrap, buy a refillable water bottle, go with wooden and metal straws, REDcycle your soft plastics, and chat to your local cafes and restaurants about alternative containers and cutlery.


These are just some of the many things you can do right now to keep the momentum going. Because when the pandemic comes to end, single-use plastics will still be around – and it’s the small actions that can often make the biggest difference. 



Doug Whyte is a writer and copywriter from Sydney with a strong interest in environmental issues and sustainability.

 


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